Execute penetration testing projects using pentesting global methodology: A pentester is responsible for executing penetration testing projects using standardized methodologies such as the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) and the Penetration Testing Execution Standard (PTES). This involves creating a comprehensive test plan, identifying vulnerabilities, and recommending remediation measures.
- Scoping: One of the first steps in executing a penetration testing project is scoping, which involves defining the scope of the test, identifying the target systems and applications, and determining the rules of engagement. Tools such as Microsoft Project, Trello, and Jira can be used to manage the project and keep track of the scope.
- Information Gathering: Once the scope has been defined, the pentester will typically gather information about the target systems and applications, including IP addresses, open ports, services and applications, and potential attack vectors. Tools such as Nmap, Netcat, and Recon-ng can be used to automate the information gathering process and gather as much information as possible about the target.
- Vulnerability Assessment: After information gathering is complete, the pentester will typically perform a vulnerability assessment to identify potential vulnerabilities in the target systems and applications. Tools such as Nessus, OpenVAS, and Qualys can be used to automate the vulnerability assessment process and provide a comprehensive list of vulnerabilities.
- Exploitation: Once vulnerabilities have been identified, the pentester will typically attempt to exploit them to gain access to the target system or application. Tools such as Metasploit, Cobalt Strike, and Empire can be used to automate the exploitation process and launch attacks against the target.
- Post-exploitation: After access has been gained to the target system or application, the pentester will typically perform post-exploitation activities to maintain access and gather sensitive information. This can include installing backdoors, stealing passwords and sensitive data, and establishing persistence on the target system. Tools such as PowerShell Empire, Meterpreter, and Cobalt Strike can be used to automate these activities and maintain access to the target.
- Reporting: Finally, the pentester will typically create a report detailing the vulnerabilities identified and the methods used to exploit them. The report will typically include recommendations for remediation and mitigation strategies. Tools such as Dradis, OWASP ZAP, and Nikto can be used to create reports that are easy to read and understand.